SAP Range Table represents complex selection criteria, it’s data structures is exactly like select-option but without any UI part and header line. In this blog I will explain how to define range table type in program and in dictionary for global use.
First little bit more about range table. When you define a select-option on selection screen you automatically get range table which is attached with that select option. However, if you want to define range table without having to define select option than you need to either define local or global range type. Also you need some mechanism of defining work area so that you can perform usual operation on range table. Range table have four columns SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH.
| Column | Data Type | Possible Value |
|---|---|---|
| SIGN | CHAR length 1 | I – include E – exclude |
| OPTION | CHAR length 2 | EQ – Equal NE –Not Equal GE – Greater Than or Equal GT – Greater Than LE – Less Than or Equal LT – Less Than CP – Contains Pattern NP – |
| LOW | Data type of selection field | Data value. Can also contain wildcards |
| HIGH | Data type of selection field, same as LOW | Data value in case of range criteria. Can also contain wildcards |
Defining Local Range Type and Line Type to define Range Table
You can use TYPE RANGE OF keyword to define local range of a data type to use in program. Further based on defined range type you can define line type using keyword TYPE LINE OF. Below is an example.
REPORT zpwtest8.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Types and Data Definition
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Define local range type for MARA-MATNR
TYPES : tr_matnr TYPE RANGE OF mara-matnr .
* Define local line type to access lines of range type
TYPES : ty_matnr TYPE LINE OF tr_matnr .
* Define range table and work area
DATA : workarea_material TYPE ty_matnr ,
range_table_material TYPE tr_matnr .
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Start of Selection
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
START-OF-SELECTION .
DATA : lv_matnr TYPE mara-matnr .
workarea_material-sign = 'I' .
workarea_material-option = 'CP' .
workarea_material-low = 'A*' .
APPEND workarea_material TO range_table_material .
SELECT matnr
INTO lv_matnr
FROM mara
WHERE matnr IN range_table_material .
WRITE : / lv_matnr .
ENDSELECT .
Defining Global Range Type in Dictionary
Go to transaction SE11 and enter the name of Range Table you would like to create in Data type input and press Create.
On next popup select Table type.
Enter short test to describe you object and select menu option Edit->Define as range table type.
Notice change in screen under Line type Tab. Enter Data Element and Structure Row Type and press save. Once its saved press on create button next to Structure Row Type to create structure.
System will create structure ZWA_MATNR with component SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH based on data element MATNR.
Save and activate this structure. Now and go back to table type screen and activate that as well. We just created a Range Type ZTAB_MATNR and corresponding row type ZWA_MATNR.
I am going to adapt the code to use these global object.
REPORT zpwtest8.
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Types and Data Definition
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Define range table and work area
DATA : workarea_material TYPE zwa_matnr ,
range_table_material TYPE ztab_matnr .
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Start of Selection
*--------------------------------------------------------------------*
START-OF-SELECTION .
DATA : lv_matnr TYPE mara-matnr .
workarea_material-sign = 'I' .
workarea_material-option = 'CP' .
workarea_material-low = 'A*' .
APPEND workarea_material TO range_table_material .
SELECT matnr
INTO lv_matnr
FROM mara
WHERE matnr IN range_table_material .
WRITE : / lv_matnr .
ENDSELECT .
What if I want either A* or B*. Anything equivalent to [AB]*
Add two lines to range table
workarea_material-sign = ‘I’ .
workarea_material-option = ‘CP’ .
workarea_material-low = ‘A*’ .
APPEND workarea_material TO range_table_material .
workarea_material-low = ‘B*’ .
APPEND workarea_material TO range_table_material .
what if I want to use CP for low and high both ,
i.e. in select option I am giving value in low and high both and need to fetch data between these value